ArcGIS - Mhinduro dze 3D
Kugadzira mepu yenyika yedu kwagara kuri chinhu chakakosha, asi mazuva ano hakusi kungoziva kana kutsvaga zvinhu kana nzvimbo mune chaiyo cartography; Zvino zvakakosha kuona nharaunda mumativi matatu kuti uve nekunzwisisa kuri nani kwenzvimbo yenzvimbo.
Geographic Information Systems maturusi ekuongorora uye manejimendi edhata renzvimbo, neaya mafananidziro ezvakatipoteredza anogona kuitwa kuti anzwisise maitiro emagariro, echisikigo uye tekinoroji anoitika munzvimbo. Esri yanga iri pamberi mukugadzirwa kwemhinduro dzakanangana ne "Location intelligence", yakasimbisa maitiro ekuvaka hupenyu kutenderera (AEC) kuburikidza nekubatanidzwa kwezvishandiso zvayo.
Muchiitiko che 3D, mhando dzakasiyana dzezvinhu zvinobatwa, senge data kubva kure kure sensors, BIM, IoT kuwana kuenzanisira kwepamusoro iyo iri pedyo nezvokwadi sezvinobvira. ArcGIS chimwe chezvigadzirwa zveEsri zvinotsigira 3D data (ine XYZ ruzivo), senge lidar point makore, multipatch, kana meshes, kana simple vector geometry semitsetse kana mapolygoni.
Zviripachena kuti maitiro e3D haachinjike, chimwe chezvinhu zviri kuitwa neGIS mhinduro nhasi uye kuti vashandisi vari kukoshesa zuva rega rega sechinhu chinonyanya kukosha. Saka, mukukurukurirana nemumwe wangu paGeospatial World Conference, takasarudza kushanda pane chinyorwa pamusoro peESRI.
Kuti utaure nezve ESRI mhinduro, zvinodikanwa kuziva zvakawanda nezve nharaunda yakazara, iyo parizvino inosanganisira mhinduro kunyangwe yemapatya edhijitari (kuronga mapatya, Kuvaka mapatya, Operation mapatya uye Kubatana mapatya), izvo zvatichabata pane chimwe chinyorwa asi mune ino. nyaya isu tichazviona kubva kune optics yeasina-specialized mushandisi ari kutsvaga dzinenge turnkey mhinduro.
Iko kushandiswa kwedata re3D muArcGIS kunopihwa nemhinduro dzakadai se: Drone2Map, ArcGIS Pro, ArcGIS Earth, ArcGIS CityEngine. Esri yakaita nhamburiko chaiyo yekuvandudza zvikamu zvayo uye kusimbisa mhinduro dzayo kusimudzira zvirinani GIS + BIM kubatanidzwa, izvo zvinoshandura mukutonga kuri nani kwezviwanikwa nemaguta. Kune zvakare hukama hwepedyo nemamwe maCAD kana 3D ekuenzanisira masisitimu (Revit, Infraworks, ifc), iyo kuburikidza nemapulagi kana ma-add-ons anogona kubvuma ruzivo rweGIS. Zvakare, iwo mamodheru anogadzirwa musoftware senge Revit anogona kutariswa zvakananga muArcGIS Pro, pasina kuenda kuburikidza neketani yekuchinja kana shanduko.
Nguva pfupi yapfuura Esri yakawana makambani maviri ekuvandudza hunyanzvi hwayo hwe3D. Zibumi uye nFrames -SURE DevelopersTM--. Imwe yekugadzira, kusanganisa uye kuenzanisa kwe3D data, uye yechipiri isoftware yekuvakazve pamusoro, iyo 3D kuongororwa kunogona kuitwa uye kutora data kunorongwa nenzira yakazara otomatiki.
Asi, ndedzipi mabhenefiti eiyo 3D kugona kweArcGIS?
Pakutanga, ivo vanobvumira dhizaini yehurongwa hwekuronga kwenzvimbo, kubva kuhutungamiriri hwemasevhisi / zvivakwa zvemidziyo, cadastre, kuongorora iyo yakapoteredza ecosystem yechivako. Iwo anobatsira kubata yakawanda data -Big Data- uye batanidza nemamwe software.
Iwo 3D masimba eArcGIS anogona kupfupikiswa mune inotevera runyorwa:
- 3D data kuona
- Gadzira 3D data uye zviitiko
- Kutonga kwedata (kuongorora, kugadzirisa uye kugovera)
Kunyangwe zviri pamusoro zvisiri izvo chete, asiwo kudyidzana kwemasisitimu akagadzirwa neEsri, vanopa nyore mukubata 2D, 3D, KML, BIM data, yakapfuma uye inodyidzana ongororo yenzvimbo, uye ane simba kwazvo ekugadzira mepu. Heino pfupiso yezvambotaurwa 4 ESRI mhinduro maficha:
1.ArcGIS CityEngine
Neiyi software mushandisi achakwanisa kugadzira uye kutevedzera zviratidziro zvake, zvichengetedze, kuita migwagwa uye zvimwe zvinhu zvine simba. Iwe unogona kushandisa data yehupenyu chaihwo kana kugadzira nzvimbo yekufungidzira yakazara. Inotsigira Python mirairo uye otomatiki workflows. Kunyange zvazvo yakasununguka kubva kuArcGIS, hazvirevi kuti data yakagadzirwa muCityEngine haina kubatanidzwa uye inogona kubatanidzwa neArcGIS Online kuti ibudiswe uye igove.
NeCityEngine iwe unogona kugadzira madhizaini ane simba emaguta, ine inogoneka yakajairika interface inogadzirisa kune zvinodiwa nemuongorori. Iyo inodyidzana sisitimu inotsigira nhamba huru yemafomati kubva kune chero imwe GIS kana architecture/engineering software. Kungofanana neArcGIS pro, inochengeta data rako muzvikamu zvinoenderana nehunhu hwavo.
2.Drone2Map
Drone2Map igadziriro inobvumira kuona uye kuratidzwa kwedata rakatorwa nemadrones, iro rinozoshandurwa kuita 3D mepu chigadzirwa. Kunyangwe ichigadzirawo 2D data senge orthophotomosaics, digital terrain modhi, kana contour mitsetse.
Pamusoro pekutonga data remushandisi, inogonesa kuita sarudzo kuri nani pakuronga ndege yekutora data. Inogona kushandiswa panguva yekubhururuka uye tarisa kana zviratidziro zvakanyatsogadziriswa kune izvo zvinodiwa. Inosanganiswa neArcGIS (ArcGIS Online, ArcGIS Desktop, uye Enterprise), uko ruzivo rwese runogona kugadziriswa nekugovaniswa. Drone2Map chigadzirwa chakagadzirwa nekubatana nePix4D.
3.ArcGIS Pro
3D kugona kwakagadziridzwa muhurongwa, zvinoreva kuti chero ruzivo rwecartographic runogona kushandurwa kuita 3D chiitiko. Mamwe emabasa ayo ndeaya: Voxel kuona 3D data ine voxel cubes, kuchengetedza kwe2D, 3D uye 4D data, GIS desktop kubatanidzwa newebhu kugovana data.
MuArcGIS Pro kune akati wandei marudzi emaficha:
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- Polygons, mapoinzi / mapoinzi akawanda uye mitsara zvinhu zvinoenda kubva ku2D kuenda ku3D kana Z yakakosha inosanganisirwa.
- Multipatch kana multipatch inotsanangurwa segoko zvinhu izvo zvinoumbwa ne 3D polygon zviso. Aya masangano anokwanisa kuwana mazinga eruzivo uye anogona kugadzirwa nenzira dzakasiyana.
- 3D maficha anochengetwa uye anogadziriswa mugeodatabase ine nzvimbo uye 3D geometry mesh
- Annotations: Izvi zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvinodiwa kuti uone kana kutsanangura zvinhu.
4. ArcGIS Indoor
Icho chishandiso chinoita kuti zvikwanise kugadzira "inventory" yemidziyo uye kuiswa muchivakwa. Izvi zvinoda dhizaini uye georeferencing yedata muCAD software, inozogadziriswa muGIS. Icho chishandiso chinosimudzira manejimendi ezvivakwa, ichipa masangano "kugona kutsanangura nemazvo, kugovera, uye kugovera nzvimbo yekutsigira zvirinani mashandiro epabasa, kutaurirana, uye kubudirira" Esri. Inoshanda kuburikidza neyakawedzerwa vhezheni yeArcGIS Pro, webhu uye nharembozha, uye yemukati ruzivo modhi.
5.ArcGIS Earth
Iyo inoona data, inoratidzwa sepasirese inodyidzana. Ikoko unogona kutarisa ruzivo, kutsvaga, kugovera data, kutora zviyero uye kuwedzera data yakadai se.KML, .KMZ, .SHP, .CSV nezvimwe. Izvo zvachose zvemahara uye chimiro chayo chiri nyore kushandisa.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kutaurwa, chimwe chinhu icho pamwe vazhinji vasingazive, iyo 3D yekuenzanisira kugona kweEsri mhinduro dzasvika kusvika kune hombe skrini, ichibvumira izvi zvinhu zvepasi kuti zviunzwe nenzira yekuti zvinotaridzika padhuze nepazvinogona kune hombe. skrini.chokwadi - sezvakaita Disney Pixar bhaisikopo The Incredibles -. Esri anoenderera mberi achibheja pakuvandudza, kugadzira maturusi anotitendera kuti tinzwisise masisitimu emuchadenga, ayo ari emagariro uye ezvakatipoteredza utility, uye apo vese vatambi vanoita hupenyu munzvimbo vanogona kutora chikamu, kuona, uye kuita sarudzo dzakakodzera kuti vabatsirwe pamwe chete. .
