Webhupu yemamapu ekare pakati pepamusoro peMapping Volume 28-124

Mune zvinyorwa zvaro zvishoma bhuku guru 28 -pamwedzi waMarch naApril 2019- Mepu yemagazini yakaronga semusoro wayo mukuru wezvinhu zvose zvine chokuita neIX Iberian Conference pamusoro peSpatial Data Infrastructures. Pakati pekusarudzwa kwemashoko manomwe ezvesayenzi, akabudiswa mumagazini ino ekukosha kwendima ye geoscientific, zvidzidzo zvina zvisinganzwisisiki, zvatinoshandisa tsanangudzo pfupi.

Kuyera chinhu hwokugadzira nezvesayenzi bhuku 28 makore enhau kuti anokanda panguva kuparadzirwa tsvakurudzo, zvirongwa uye basa rinoitwa mumunda geomatics nokuranga chokuita nazvo, Kunyanya kusimbisa kushandisirwa mumunda yePasi Sciences.

Pakuziva kwemugadziri wedu, zvinyorwa zvakasarudzwa ndizvo zvinotevera:

• Old map maps web service
• Dhipatimendi rekushandisa ye Marine Technology Unit (UTM-CSIC),
• Kushandiswa kwemufananidzo weUNSPIRE muDhiputación Foral de Álava
• BATSIRA KUDZIDZA KUNYANYA MITATATATA, DATA NEMIKONI: Nzira yekushandisa mabhaisiro uye maitiro anoedza.

1. Yepamaneti yekare yepaGoogle

Icho chimwe chezvidimbu zvekutsvakurudza, izvo zvakabata pfungwa dzedu nekutsvaga musoro; rakanyorwa naAlvaro Bachiller, Carolina Soteres, nevamwe vana vana-vanyori. Icho chirevo chinoreva zvakawanda; kuziva nguva yemberi yatinofanira kuziva izvo zvakaitika munguva yakapfuura, chii chinonyatsoshanda kune nzvimbo nzvimbo.

Iri purojekiti rekushambadzirwa kwemamepu ekare - anonzi La Cartoteca - rakatanga kubva muna2008, uye riri kuitwa neCNIG - National Geographic Information Center, mukubatana neDhipatimendi reNharaunda yeNational Geographic Institute neNational Geographic Institute - IGN. Chinhu chinonakidza ndechekuti masosi ataurwa pamusoro apa akakwanisa kuunganidza huwandu hwakawanda hwenhoroondo yezvakarekera ruzivo kubva muzana ramakore regumi nematanhatu kuburikidza nechikwata chinogadzira Cartoteca.

"Nhoroondo mepu, batsira kuziva morphologies, zvivako akavaka asati izvo pari kuzivikanwa, uye anogona rumwe kongiri pachisara maberere chii chave uye chicharamba nzvimbo, kunze kuva nhaka yenyika."

Dzakati wandei dzemagwaro akakosha, anosanganisira mepu dzevanhu, mepu dzemusoro, kana cadastral topographic zvirongwa, zvinogona kutobvunzwa nemudzidzi, nyanzvi kana amateur yeruzhinji. Izvo zviri pamusoro zvinovezwa neiyo CNIG maitiro ekupa Webhu Mepu Services - mune WMS mapuroteni - kushanda senzvimbo yekuchengetera iyi hombe data.

Mune WMS, unogona kuva nehuwandu hwehutano hwakawanda hwakadai se:

• Kilometer mapepa - cadastral topographic zvirongwa: neyero ye 1: 2000. Ichi chinyorwa chezvekare chakasimudzwa pakati pe 1861 ne1870; neGeneral Board of Statistics - yakagadzwa neGNN.
• Planimetry: Aya ndiwo matanho anoratidza zvirongwa zvemavara zvakagadzirwa pakati pe1870 ne1950, isati yasvika yekuvaka mapepa emarudzi ekumatonga pa1: 50.000 chikamu.
• Mharidzo dzokutanga dzeNational Topographic Map - MTN, yakaitwa pakati pezuva ra 1875 ne1968. Iyi nheyo inosanganisira mamwe maviri mavara emapepa emhando:
  • maminitsi eMTN akaita pakati pe1915 kusvika ku1960,
  • Yokutanga Mharidzo yeMTN: yakaumbwa nemashizha e4123, uye yakasikwa kubva ku1975 kusvika ku2003.

Spatial dhata inoshanda padanho renyika, zvisinei, mune maguta ane hukuru hwakakosha uye nhoroondo yakakosha seMadrid, huwandu hweruzivo rwakanangana rwakanyorwa uye rwunopihwa mune imwechete webhu mepu sevhisi - WMS. Ruzivo rwekuverenga nhoroondo yeMadrid rwakasiyana zvakanyanya nezvambotaurwa, pane data senge: Mancelli chirongwa cheMadrid, topographic chirongwa cheVilla neMadrid court, chirongwa cheNicolás de Chalmadrier, chirongwa chejometri cheMadrid, chirongwa che Madrid neMadrid parcel mepu

Muchikamu chino, vanoratidza mamwe mazano anobatanidzwa neCNIG download platform, yakadai semibvunzo ye orthophoto, uye inyanzvi inoshandiswa kuita basa iri zvichibvira kuburikidza nebasa reAorthophotography. Iyi basa rinopa mhando mitanhatu yezvikamu zvevashandisi:

• Ndege dzeAmerica: B series (1956 AND 1957),
• Kubhururuka kwemauto: mabasa e Sup Supreme Council of Spain pakati pe1976 ne1986,
• Dzimba dzomumusha: 1 chikamu: 18.000 pakati pe1981 ne1983,
• OLISTAT ndege: yakasimudzirwa neHurumende yeZvekuri, kune mapurisa emimorivhi pakati pe1997 ne1998,
• uye PNOA Flights: inosanganisira nzvimbo yose yenyika nehuwandu hwemakore matatu, chete data kubva ku2004 kusvika ku2016 inosanganiswa.

Kuwedzera pane zviri pamusoro apa, pane nzvimbo, hunhu uye musi pakusikwa zvigadzirwa izvozvo akaratidza sei yave pakurapa data, sezvo, mashoko spatial chaiko pamusoro 100 apfuura, zvinoda kugadzirira muitiro , kuongorora nekuchengetedza zvimwe zvakashata kudarika zvimwe zvinhu zvishoma zvishoma. Muenzaniso kurapwa uyu kuti mepu idzi ari mufananidzo yechipiri data, enda kuburikidza digitization neurongwa imwe nyanzvi photogrammetric uye georeferenced Scans, pp nokuti 400 uye 254 zvakawanda duku pamwero -nokuti zvakawanda large- pakafunuka p , kuitira kuti uvachengetedze mumaseva eCNIG, ayo achagadziriswa maererano nehukuru hwavo kana akatumirwa kushizha reWMS kana kuti akachengetedzwa pane imwe kunze disk.

Inofanirawo kutaurwa kuti vanyori vanotsanangura kuti kushanduka kwebasa racho pachako kwave kuri mumakore achangopfuura, kubvira pakuzarura kwayo kuvanhu, kuratidza zvinyorwa zvinoratidza: rudzi rwevhareji, nhamba yekushanyira, nhamba yezvikumbiro, zvitsvaga mu (Gb) uye mapurati anogadzira data.

2. Dhipatimendi rekushandisa ye Marine Technology Unit (UTM-CSIC),

salinity kana pamusoro tembiricha: In tsvakurudzo iyi, rakanyorwa Juan Valderramas, Susana Tagarro, uye vaviri co-vanyori, basa chikwata Marine Technology kuti ndehwokuti kugovera zvitunha wehurumende mashoko pamusoro yomugungwa nzvimbo zvatsanangurwa.

Iyi unit inoita basa rinofadza, sezvo rinofanira kutora nekuongorora tsananguro yakaunganidzwa maawa ose e24, saka tinofunga kuti inoshandura muhuwandu hwakawanda hwemhando dzakasiyana nekuda kwebasa mumakungwa. Bazi Science, Innovation uye Africa - ari kuongorora ichi Pakuumbwa inorambidza kushandisa nemashoko inounganidzwa mumunda, ayo zvino kupatsanurwa, anoongororwa zvaitambidzwa rinodzora kunoratidzwa.

Chinyorwa ichi chinotaura zvinorehwa nekubatanidzwa kweMarine Spatial Data Zvivakwa zveOceanographic Vessels, chimwe nechimwe chezvikamu zvinodikanwa kuzadzisa chinangwa ichi chinounzwa, senge: kutsunga kwemapurofesa achaumba timu yekuunganidza, ongororo uye kuchengetwa kwedata (physicochemical, biologist, geologist, kana meteorologists), kuvakwa kwemetadata, madhairekitori, kuitiswa kwekatalog yemishandirapamwe - iyo inoratidza mhando yedata inodiwa kuchizvarwa chechigadzirwa chekupedzisira-, zvinoda software (mune izvi Geonetwork kesi)

3. Kushandiswa kwemufananidzo weUNSPIRE muDhiputación Foral de Álava

Chirongwa ichi wakasikwa Jorrín Abellán uye Oscar Diego Alonso, ndekwokuda akarondedzera dingindira guru mumagazini rino saka ukatanga kupa zvikonzero kukosha kuvakwa uye Implementation pakati Spatial Data zvinokosha, - SDI sezvo kurudzira yakatora dambudziko rekubatana.

Vanotsanangurawo zvimwe zvinhu zvakadai sekuti kuwirirana kweiyo data inoreva zvinorevei, chii chinoshandiswa panguva ino, izvo zvidikanho zvagadziriswa, zvikomborero zvese izvi zvinowirirana.

4. BATSIRA KUDZIDZA KUNYANYA MITATATATA, DATA NEMIKONI: Nzira yekushandisa mabhaisiro uye maitiro anoedza

Icho chiri chimwe chezvinyorwa zvine chokuita nehurukuro yapfuura, yakanyorwa naAlejandro Guinea de Salas naPaula Rodrigo. Izvi anotanga kusimbisa kuti zvekushandisa nhungamiro HUNOTIPA, anogona chaizvoizvo ane mashoko anokosha kuitira interoperability kuti mashoko uyewo nzira inodiwa kunoratidzwa nokuda data, metadata uye pezvakaitwa chokuita kufuridzira dzinobudirira uye akarongeka kuburikidza kuzivisa.

Chinyorwa chinonyanya kufadza kupa muverengi zano rekuti vangatanga sei kushanda neINSPIRE, kutanga nekugadziriswa kweATS - seti yemiedzo isinganzwisisike, kuiswa kwavo kodhi nezvinodiwa, kuenderera mberi neETS - seti dzedzidziso dzinotyisa. budiriro yebvunzo - Test Line, Test Encoding, uye Test Test Bounding Box, pamwe nemigumisiro yakawanikwa.

Mukuwedzera kune kuongororwa kwemashoko ataurwa pamusoro apa, mamwe mabasa ayo magazini ino anopa mubhuku iri anosanganisira:

• Valencian Toponymic nomenclature
• Geolake Tsvaga (ramangwana reDDI riri mukuvandudza ruvara rwayo)
• Pamusoro pemamiriro ekuremekedza mazita muBalearic Islands: Nomenclátor de Toponymy yeMenorca uye remangwana Geographic Nomenclature yeBalearic Islands.

Sevokutanga, vakazivisa maGeobloggers mumutsara wechipiri, unozoitika munaJune we2019; chiitiko icho Geofumadas chichatsigirazve-nguva iyo mumunhu-.

Nemapupa

Magazini yacho Mepu, inotaurwa nezveSpanish mumabhuku esainzi. Ndiine makore makumi maviri nemasere tichiendesa mabasa nekutsvaga pamusoro penyaya dzine chekuita nenzvimbo ye geomatics, zvigadzirwa, geospatial dhata manejimendi uye zviitiko zvakakura zvinoitika mune ino mamiriro.

 “Kubva 2013, razvino boka revanyori rakatsanangura nzira nyowani yekushandisa MAPPING. Izvo zvakasarudzwa excellence and the mukurumbira, uchinyepedzera kuti magazini iyi ndeimwe yemabhuku makuru eruzivo nenhau muchikamu ichi uye chinongedzo pakati pemakambani akazvimirira, mayunivhesiti nemasangano eruzhinji anovandudza mapurojekiti, anodzidzisa uye anoparadzira Geomatics uye mashandisiro ayo munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzinoumba maScience e nenyika.

Tinokurudzira kuenda Website yacho inonzi Mepu, pangava kuwana kwenyu bi-pamwedzi mabhuku ose.