Land yokunyoresa mu akapoteredza National Transactional System

Zuva roga roga, nyika dzinonyanya kutarisa e-hurumende mamiriro ezvinhu, apo nzira dzinoshandiswa kuti dzive nehutano huri nani kune vagari venyika, pamwe nekuderedza mumiganhu yehuori kana hurumende isingakoshi.

Isu tinoziva kuti mutemo, masangano uye maitiro maererano nechinhu munyika yega yega akasiyana. Nekudaro, iyo mitemo inoshanda sehwaro hwemutemo wekushandisa inoteerera marejisheni misimboti inotsvaga chinangwa chimwe chete: kuvimbisa kuchengetedzeka zviri pamutemo.

The Land Administration Domain Model (LADM) inomiririra imwe yeakakosha zvikuru kubudirira maererano nemirau ye Land Land; kana tikarangarira kuti pakafemerwa muenzaniso waCatastro 2014, kwaingova kudetemba kwekushuvira asi kwaive kwekuona kwazvo. Kubudirira kunoshamisa kweiyo muyero mukana wekumisikidza semantics yekugadzirisa zvinhu, zvekuti iyo Property Registry Sisitimu inogona kubatanidzwa pamwe nehurongwa-hwenyika matanho anotsvaga kubatanidzwa kwenzvimbo dzekutengeserana dzakanangana nekuratidzwa kwenzvimbo.

Ini ndoziva kuti zvinogona kutaridzika sekumisikidzwa zviri pamutemo uye kunyange kunyepedzera, zvinoenderana nemaonero emasangano enyika imwe neimwe. Nekudaro, chinotariswa nechinyorwa chino mukana wekuti iyo Registry neCadastre, kunze kwekuve chitsuwa, inogona (yavo data, kwete ivo), kujoina iyo transactional process data data. 

Inofanira kunzwisiswa kuti kunyange zvazvo mweya wenyaya ino iine unyanzvi, LADM inokudzwa zvikuru zvokuti inobvumira kugadzirisa kune mitemo uye masangano enyika imwe neimwe, pasina kukanganwa kuti reengineering haisi yepamusoro.

Inowanzo data core

Mufananidzo uri kumagumo echinyorwa unoratidza mashandisiro anoita zvikamu zvikuru zveLADM kuita musimboti umo maitiro akasiyana anowirirana, achibatanidza zvinhu zvePropfuma Kodhi Sisitimu, isingangoshanda kune zvivakwa chete, asiwo zvivakwa zvinotakurika. Pakati pane zvakakosha zvinhu zverejista chiito:

• Chinhu chokunyora, icho chinogona kunge chiri chigadziro, motokari, ngarava, kana kuti pasina georeferencing kune cadastre, pasi pehupi hwemapuranga ehupi kana mufero chaiyo.
• Mapoka anofarira; vanhu vepanyama, masangano ematare kana mapoka asingasi maitiro. Vose avo vanotora mukana wekutengeserana.
• Mitemo yepamutemo uye yehutungamiri; hukama hwekodzero, chiremera kana mutoro unobata kushandiswa, simba kana basa rezvinhu.
• Kodzero iri pakati pechinhu nemapato anofarira, yakanyoreswa kana de facto. Mune chiyero, kunyangwe iyo kodzero inoonekwa seimwezve yepamutemo nhema.

Kunyange zvazvo asiri ivo chete zvinhu, ndivo ndivo vanofungisisa zviito zvevanyori vanobatanidzwa nekutengeserana: bhangi, nyanzvi, nyanzvi, nyanzvi yemapepu, avo vari mamwe mapoka anofarira ane mabasa akasiyana.

Nzira yekuvadana nayo uye kuti ingaifananidza sei? ISO: 19152

Kubvira kwekubatanidzwa kwezvibvumirano pasi pepakati pekutanga

Chokwadi ndechokuti izvi chete zvinhu zviri siyana dzinotsanagura imwe nyika: Ndivo chete vanhu kuti mukuru Register kuti Pazvibato zvesarudzo, chete vanhu dzinowanikwa kuitisa mutero nzira, anobvumira mabhizimisi oparesheni, nzira pakuvaka, achine yepassports, nezvimwewo.

Ehezve, hazvisi nyore kumisikidza veruzhinji marongero ekumisikidza izvi. Semuenzaniso, munamato unosungira unosungira munyori kunyoresa kushandisa zita sezvakangoitwa negweta. Saka kunyangwe hazvo munhu wacho ari María Albertina Pereira Gómez, uye gweta rakamutumidza kuti María Albertina Pereira de Mendoza, vanogadzira mumwe munhu, kana iyo system isina maitiro ekubatanidza kana manejimendi.

Izvo zvinhu zvakafanana zvinokonzerwa nemitero, izvo zvine zvibvumirano, izvo zvinowana zvirevo zvekushandisa, nezvimwewo.

Saka munyika inosimudzira yepakati transactionional chikuva, nyaya yePropert Registry uye iyo Cadastre anongova mumwe mumwe mushandisi, mukati memabasa avo eKunyoresa uye kuisa pamutemo. Mamwe masangano anoita mumabasa avo akadai seRisk Management, Territorial Ordering, Kuronga, Kuunganidza, Zvemagariro Ehupfumi, Zvivakwa, nezvimwe.

Kunze kwekuve chitsuwa, iyo Land Registry inova chikamu chakakosha mupuzzle yemitambo yekutengeserana. Izvo hazvina basa kuti maitiro anotanga kupi, kana aine gweta, mubhangi, mumaspala kana mubato rinotarisira kuburitsa zita, iyo Registry + Cadastre inowedzera kune yakanaka mamiriro:

Kana iyo institution inoronga kuvakwa kwebhiriji, iyo Registry inopa iyo ruzivo maererano neruzhinji kana yakavanzika chivakwa iyo ichave iri; Chinhu ichi padanho rekugadzira chinogamuchira chinongedzo muInfisheni Sisitimu, ichishandisa ruzivo kubva kuCartographic Registry iyo ine yemadhijitari enzvimbo yemhando, maumbirwo ehunhu uye mamiriro ekushandisa. Chinhu chimwe chete ichocho chinoonekwa muPublic Investment System yehurongwa hwebhajeti, uye yakambovakwa buffer yemamita mazana mashanu yakanyoreswa iyo inokanganisa masango ekukurumidza anoratidza mirau yekuvakwa kwenzvimbo dzepamba uyezve padunhu rerwizi. zasi kwerwizi pamwe nekurambidzwa kupihwa kwemvumo yekuburitsa zviyero. Chekupedzisira, kana basa rapera, rinoendeswa pasi pechibvumirano kumasipala kuita nguva yekuchengetedza nguva.

Asi iyo data rese rinopinda muSystem yeRekodi inogovana zvakajairika data. Iyo Registry / Cadastre yakangoratidza chete sevhisi yenzvimbo, asi mukudzoka yakagamuchira mirau inokanganisa zvivakidzani zvivakwa.

Nokudaro, sangano rimwe nerimwe rinoita basa rayo muhuwandu hwehutano hwavo, kubudirira zvose zvinobudirira mubasa uye kukurudzirwa kwekufambira mberi ndizvo izvo pakuguma izvo zvinokosha kune zvinodiwa, kana tikafunga kuti kuderedzwa kwemari uye nguva dzekutengesa chinhu chete chinoenderana nehurumende mune zvakasiyana-siyana zvinobatanidzwa nekugadzirwa kwakafanana nekombiyuta uye zvimwe zvinhu.

Kujekesa kuti izvi hazvireve kuchinja mabasa, kugona uye nemisimboti inoteedzerwa nePuratifomu yePfuma. Asi, ndeyekuimisikidza kune Yakabatana Sisitimu yeRekodhi, uko Cadastre iri imwezve rekodhi, inozove nzvimbo -uniti yakabatana neReal Folio kunyoreswa. Iri sei registry pamwe nemitemo yekushandisa ivhu, iri sei registry pamwe nekunyoresa mota, kutumira, nezvimwe.

Basa-based based architectures

Zviripachena kuti kusvika pamatanho aya kunoda chiono chakazara chenyika, kunyangwe hazvo zvisiri zvechienzi kunyangwe munyika dzichiri kusimukira. Zuva rega rega riri kutarisira masangano eruzhinji, nyanzvi zhinji dzine mukana wekuumba zvikwata zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoona hutongi hweveruzhinji nemaonero akafanana nemakambani makuru kwavanobva. Iyi ndiyo mamiriro ekugadzirisa ayo mamodheru anga aine iyo manisiparasi inoonekwa seye modular machira uko kune zvigadzirwa, zvigadzirwa, kugovera, kuverenga, kutumira, mavovoice uye accounting; kunyangwe saizi nemasimba ekugadzirisa zvichisiyana. Ndokusaka masisitimu echinyakare eE ERP-mhando matunhu akabudirira zvakadaro.

Asi system senge iyo yatiri kutaura nezvayo haigone kufungidzira kuti ichashanda pamwe nekuvandudzwa kwedesktop uye zvirongwa zvevatengi-server. Pane kudaro, izvi zvinoda kuiswa kwema multilayer maumbirwo ane maitiro ebasa, uko kuvandudzwa kwematanho ekuratidzira akapatsanurwa kubva kubhizimusi pfungwa, uye inodzorwa nekugadzirisa injini mumitauro yakadai seBusiness Process Modeling uye Notation (BPMN 2.0) . Neiyi nzira, maitiro akareruka senge bumbiro rembage, kana kuomarara senge kusarudzika kwemaguta, anogona kudonhedzwa kuita mabasa anotarisana nebasa, zvivakwa, zvinoshandiswa, zvekuti hazvidi kuti uvandudze sevhisi yega yega asi asi orchestrate ivo kuita generic functionalities.

Sevhisi-yakavakirwa zvivakwa zvinofambisa hupenyu uye kugadzirisa kweakakura masisitimu, uku uchichengeta vashandisi vachiita chete izvo zvavari nyanzvi mune; Zvisinei kuti varipi, maGIS mahunyanzvi anoita oparesheni yepamusoro inokanganisa chivakwa, inowana kodzero kune iyo Folio Real rezinesi ndiro isina kupatsanurwa kubva kune geometry yayo. Saka kusanganisa zvirongwa zvakaita seFront-Back Hofisi hazvisi zviitiko zvakaoma, nekuti iyo System ndiyo diki yacho; izvo zvinonyanya kukosha ndezvekuti utore hwindo rekuratidzira kune sevhisi uko basa revatengi rakaparadzaniswa nenzvimbo yekugadzirisa.

Makomborero ekushandisa LADM

Izvo zviri nyore, kubva pane zvakataurwa makore 20 apfuura:

Tora nguva refu kurarama!

Ndosaka imwe yematambudziko ekukurumidza kune vatsva vaongorori uye ve geomatics nyanzvi iri kudzidza kunzwisisa mamodheru. A standard inobvumidza iyo semantics kuti ive yakamisikidzwa kune yakadaro yakasarudzika ficha iyo iwe yaunofanirwa kungotaurira iye anovandudza: shandisa ISO: 19152. Ndinoshuva dai zvaive nyore, asi zviri nyore pane kumirira vamwe kuti vauye vataure mashandiro eProperty System, apo vanyori vedu uye vanokanganisa vari ivo nyanzvi.

Nezve iyo pussy ...

Dambudziko rinonakidza retafura yekufemerwa yandakadzokera uye kubva kwandinogovana iyi chidimbu nekuda kwesarudzo yedemokrasi yeruzivo iyo nhasi isingadzoreke. Kuziva kuti manzwiro akatsamwiswa netekinoroji anofanirwa kuve nemoyo murefu nekuoma kwenzvimbo yebasa, pasina izvo zvisingazokwanisike kuzviunza muchokwadi.

Pakupera kwezuva, chinyorwa chinonzwika sainzi ngano -nhasi-. Asi mumuenzaniso wenyika iyo yandiri kutaura nezvayo, chinhu chimwe chete ichocho chakataurwa makore gumi nemana apfuura apo Mutemo Mutsva wePfuma waifanirwa kunyorwa, pamwe nekugadzirwa kwenzvimbo yaisanganisira mukati memutsara mumwe chete wekuraira Cadastre, iyo Registry uye iyo institute National Geographic. Masangano ane zvinangwa zvakasiyana - hongu - nekuti ivo vakapararira; Asi iwe unongofanirwa kuenda kunoona iwo maitiro akanaka emuvakidzani uye kuputa fodya yakanaka yekurudziro kuti uone uko zvinhu zviri kuenda. Kunyanya sezvo isu tisingazive kuti tichava nemaminitsi mashanu emukana wekuita.

Institutional mamodheru anochinja zvishoma nezvishoma, kumanikidza kwetekinoroji hakugone kuenderera neiyi nhanho. Naizvozvo, izvo zviyero zvinoita iyo poindi yekuyera. Mumakore masere, iyo tekinoroji lag inogara iri chokwadi, kunyangwe iyo institutional lag inotora angangoita makore makumi matatu kuti ionekwe.