Iyo yemukati georeference

Patinoverenga siyana dzidziso inotsigira kukurukurirana kunosanganisira Mapping zvose somunhu sainzi kumiririra tsaukana mananara akadai uri kupa ruzivo urwu zvakafanira aesthetic, tinoziva kuti nguva yatiri kurarama kunosanganisira zviito akawanda muupenyu hwezuva nezuva apo patinoshandisa goreference sechiito chezuva nezuva.

Kubva nguva isu batidza foni, mashoko tinotumira kana kugamuchira inobatanidzwa georeferencing: Mamiriro okunze, nhau, social network, kubvunza mepu, GPS activation kana Kunyora kwezvifananidzo. Zviri pachena izvi hazvina kuuya nokukurumidza, nguva dzose kuva pamusoro atinova kurarama isina kumboitika nguva, kunyange tinoziva anenge risingaperi vachikwanisa womunhu kuti yakagadzirwa ari, hazvibviri kufungidzira kuti zvichiitika 25 makore gare gare. Saizvozvowo zvichida hapana akafungidzira 25 ichi makore apfuura, kunyanya munguva apo ruzivo rwokugadzira uye kombiyuta nesayenzi kwakawedzera exponentially massification kuti utsanzi rinodyiwa nezuva.

Kunyange zvazvo muongorori weioreferenti yave iri chiito chechisikigo chevanhu, kuongorora kuburitswa kwacho mune imwe shanduro kana mapepa, kwenguva yakareba yakanga iri basa rakasarudzwa uye nekutambira chete kune boka rakaropafadzwa revanhu. Nokudaro kuongorora chinangwa cheGeoreference chakakosha zvose pakusarudza kwako uye nekufungidzira izvo zvingaitika kune dzimwe dzidzo mumakore anotevera. Regai tione zvino zvinoreva izvi.

Ko georeference yakatanga sei?

Chikonzero chiri nyore mumusimboti: nekuti geolocation chikamu chehupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Zuva rega rega tinoda kufamba munzvimbo ine mativi matatu, kwatinotyaira zvibhuroko makumi maviri kurudyi, zvitanhatu kuruboshwe, tichidzika nhanho mbiri kunopaka mota, uye kukwira nhanho ina kuti tishande muhofisi. Tinogona kuita izvi zuva nezuva uye patinenge tichida kuzvitsanangura pabepa kana girafu muchiziviso, ndipo patinonyanya kuziva. Asi iyo geolocation kwenguva yakareba yaive yenzvimbo uye yekufarira kwega, saka yaiitwa semazuva ese.

Kanakubo (1) pepa rake inotsanangura pave wepanguva Cartography, kuti Kushanduka dzidziso cartography kwave chokuita zvinokosha zvido masangano yazvakaitikira nguva; somuenzaniso, madzimambo anokunda, mauto mauto muhondo, kana maitiro emarudzi ezvoupfumi. Nguva idzodzo akasika kudiwa kuona georeference ane kuwana mhiri yomunharaunda pamwero, sezvinoita dzakavakidzana, yacho uye sezvo ari kuitika chinozunguzirwa: kudyidzana mafungiro.

Nguva iyo yatinorarama ikozvino, inoita kufarira kwekuchengetedza nyika yakabatana, inoda kushandiswa kwemajoreferensi mumatunhu ekudzoka. Just ndizvo chakaunza echokwadi ndiwo anoratidza udzamu chinotaurwa: zvitoro zvinoda kuratidza apo musha avo, vatengi vanofanira kusvika, ruzivo rwokugadzira vagadziri ita kukudziridza mafomu, Academy anopa nzira dzidzo munzvimbo iyi uye makwikwi ichi zvinounza zvitsva kuvashandisi. Chokwadi, kuguma User haisi kutomboziva ichi, uye ndizvo ratinoti mukati, sezvazvakaita muupenyu hwezuva nezuva.

Kubatsirwa kweIndrinsic Geolocation

Kune zvikonzero zvizhinji zvekutenda kuti izvi zvinobatsira, kunyange zvazvo tichitaura nezvengozi gare gare. Kubva pakuona kwevaya vanochengeta hupfumi hwedu kubva mune sayenzi uye teknolojia yekuziva kwemajeri, ruzivo rukuru rwuri mune zvakanyanya kudiwa kwebasa redu. Pasinei nokuti tinokura zvikumbiro, kudzidzisa, kutengesa zvigadzirwa kana mabasa, chokwadi chokuti georeference inokosha, inotibatsira.

Asi kunze kwezvatinoda, ruzivo runokosha mukuwanika kwekushanda kwevanhu, zuva rega roga rine mamwe mabasa anobva pane geolocation. Ngatione kuti zviri nyore sei ikozvino kufamba nekushandisa GPS mubatsiri aripo mumotokari, uye funga nezvemikana yekusava nayo uye kuti rwendo rwaive rwezvikonzero zvinokosha. Tinogonawo kuona kubatsirwa kwemushandisi anogona kuisa zvishandiso zvake muIndaneti geoportal, izvo zvinowanikwa nemutengi kunze kwenyika, pasina kutaurirana zvakananga.

Dzidzo dzinosangana ne geo-engineering inoratidza humwe hutsika hwe geolocation. Iyo midziyo yakagadzirirwa kutorwa kwedata mumunda, zuva rimwe nerimwe pane mamwe matengo. Asiwo zuva rega roga zvakaoma kuziva mutsetse uri pakati pebasa nekambani yemabasa, zvichienderana nekuti georeferencing inobatanidzwa mune zvose kutora, kuenzanisa nekushanda kwezvivako. Miitiro yakadai seBIM (2) inotarisira kuunza geolocation kusvika kune zvingambofungidzirwa, zvakadai sokushanda, nguva uye mari.

Panewo ruzivo rwakakura mukugadzirwa kwemashoko zuva rega rega rinoshanda uye zuva nezuva. Kuzvipira kubatana nhasi kunonakidza mukugadzirwa kwenheyo dzakadai seOver Street Maps, ikarodzano yenyika yose nemifananidzo yakave yakabudiswa nemusangano wevashumiri nekuda kwechinhu chinozivikanwa seCrowdsourcing. Izvi zvingadai zvisingakwanisi kana geolocation isingatombovi mukati, nokuti kubudisa ruzivo urwu hazvidiwi kuedza kunze kwekugadzirisa chikamu chebasa mumutambo wefoni uye kugamuchira kuiswa kwe data.

Saka kana tikasimbisa hukuru hwezvikomborero mu geolocation, zvirokwazvo runyoro rwaizove rwakakura. Kunyanya kuisa pfungwa pamusoro pehupfumi, nguva yakanaka yekugadzirisa, kubatana, kuchengeteka uye mukana wekugadzirira kubatsira kwevanhu.

Ngozi dzepakati pezvinyorwa

Haasi zvinhu zvose zvichave marosi munzvimbo dzakasingazivikanwi sezvinoita democratization yemashoko. Iko kune njodzi dzinobatanidzwa, umo iyo chete inokanganisa inowanzova munhu mumwe chete.

Pakati peizvi isu tinogona kutaura, kurasikirwa kwevamwe. Kutaura kwokuti isu tinovimba nechigadzirwa chakabatanidzwa neGP signals, chinosanganisira kuendesa kwe geolocation ruzivo rwaimbove rwusisina pachake. Uye kunyange zvingave zvakakosha kune vamwe kuziva kuti vana vavo varipi, zvinogonawo kuva nengozi kune vanoita mhosva kuti vazive iyo iyo mashoko. Kuzvimirira pamagumo ndechimwe mamiriro ezvinhu ane zvipingamupinyi.

Imwe njodzi iri mumaitiro aCrampton (3) mubhuku rake resainzi yakabatana nemamepu: anoti zvakatora zvakawanda kuti mepu dzive nerutsigiro rwemhando yepamusoro nesainzi rwatava narwo. Asi iyo chokwadi chekuti kubvunzana uye kugadzirwa kwemamepu nevasiri-nyanzvi vashandisi inova chiitiko chemukati, kunounza njodzi yekurasikirwa nemhando yepamusoro kana zvakaenzana maitiro. Zvinozivikanwa chinzvimbo chekuti kuwedzera kukurumidza kuita basa rekuvandudza kwesainzi, kushoma kwekuedza kwehuropi uye nekudaro njodzi yekudzokera muhungwaru.

Mukupedzisa, gadziriro yezvinyorwa ndeyekubatanidzwa kwe geolocation mumitambo yakasiyana yevanhu, svesayenzi, zvekugadzira kana zvezuva nezuva. Iyi georeferensi yakashanduka kusvika pakukura kwatinozviita zviri nyore. Izvo zvikomborero zvakakura kwazvo kudarika njodzi, saka zvichave zvakakosha kuve wakangwarira maitiro, zvose kuwana mikana uye kuronga mhinduro.

(1) Tositomo Kanakubo, The Development of Contemporary Theorical Cartography

(2) Kuvakwa kweMashoko ekugadzirisa

(3) Mapikicha akaita sei Scientific

(4) Kutorwa nemvumo yemunyori: Mudzidzisi akataura kuti haisi rondedzero yaaida yekirasi yake, kuti aitarisira chimwe chinhu chisinganyatso kuongorora, chakawanda, chisina kuvharika, muchidimbu, zvishoma georeferenced. Chikonzero chakaringana kuidzokorora pano.