Mashandisiro anoita Imba Imba mune 27 nyika dzepasi
Kubva pahurukuro yaIgnacio Lagarda Lagarda, girafu inoratidza ukama hwemutero weimba nechokuita nehuwandu hwezvakagadzirwa muLatin America.
Kufungidzira Mexico nekuremekedza nyika, tinoona kuti mhando iyi yemutero haina kunyatsoimiririra kana ichienzaniswa nedzimwe nyika dzenyika. Tinoona kuti Costa Rica, Panama, Bolivia, El Salvador neChile zviri pamusoro, mumitengo yakafanana neiya yeSlovakia, Czech Republic, Austria, Hungary, Turkey, Germany, Norway, Portugal, Poland neFinland. Ipo Uruguay, Paraguay neArgentina vachifananidzwa neBelgium, Ireland, Denmark, Sweden neGreece. Zviri kusahadzika kana isu tichifunga kuti iyo GDP yeakawanda eaya nyika haina kuenzana neiyo Gini index uye saka inofungidzirwa chikonzero chekusaenzana munharaunda.
Uye kungopa tsika, zvinofadza kuona zvinotevera tafura muchidimbu kuti pfuma mutero anoshanda 27 munyika, iyo 62% inounganidzwa nechepakati hurumende uye 48% nehurumende dzematunhu kana makanzuru.
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Nyika |
Mamiriro Edzimba Imitero |
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Kanadha |
Vakawanda vemasitraine vanobhadhara mitero kune zvivakwa pamatunhu akasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira pasi, zvivako zvekutengeserana, uye zvekugara. Masunhare anobhadharawo mitero pamusana pokuvandudzwa kweimba. |
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United States |
Mitemo iri pasi pehurumende yenyika inowanzopa mvumo yemitero kune vagari venyika. Zvimwe zvinooneka (nezvimwe zvisingaoneki) zvinhu zvinowanikwawo mumatunhu akawanda. Kuongororwa kunowanzoenderana nehuwandu hwekutengeserana. Imitero yemitengo inodzingwa pamutero wemari. |
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Russia |
Varidzi veminda vanofanira kubhadhara mutero wenyika inotarirwa pane imwe nguva yakatangwa. Mutero wekero inogadziriswa muRubles uye haina kunyanya kukosha. |
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Poland |
Munda mutero muPoland akapiwa vanhu uye zvoupfumi masangano, kusanganisira mamiriro emakambani vadyi akaidza. Mutero unogadzirwa kubva mukukosha kwenyika uye zvivako, zvisati zvashandiswa maererano nehumi. Mitero inoshandiswa yakasiyana nerudzi rweimba. Maximum prices ndiwo: Nokuti zvivako furati, PLN 0.18 yokudengenyeka mativi mita kuti muzvivako yaishandiswa zvebhizimisi zvinangwa. 6.63 PLN por mativi mita zvimwe zvivako, PLN 2.21 yokudengenyeka mativi mita kuti zuva kuvakwa, 2% ukoshi hwayo, nyika kushandiswa zvebhizimisi zvinangwa, PLN 0.22 paavhareji mativi mita. |
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Bharugeriya |
Vose vagari vepfuma muBulgaria vanozviisa pasi pemutero wekuvaka, mutero webhadharo inokosha yakagadzwa nehurumende. Mitengo yakasiyana pakati pe0.2% uye 0.6%. Mutero unofanirwa kubhadharwa kwegore rimwe nerimwe kumasuo. |
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Slovakia |
Imitero yeimba inotorwa kune vaimba pfuma, uye musero wekutere unofunga zvose pasi uye zvivako. Mitengo inofanirwa nehuwandu uye hutsika yenyika, huwandu hwayo uye kukosha Zvikamu zvese zvezvivakwa zvekugara zvinowanikwa pasi pemutero weimba. Izvo zviyero zvinoenderana nerudzi rwekuvaka, uye kushandiswa kwayo. Kusiyana kwakasiyana kunoshanda. |
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Czech Republic |
Varimi vanozviisa pasi pemutero. Mitengo inowirirana maererano nekushandiswa kwenyika (mune imwe yenyika yezvirimwa), uye munharaunda yavo uye yakasiyana, (kune dzimwe nyika). Mari inoshandiswa zvichienderana nechepasi pasi uye kushandiswa kwekuvaka. |
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Romania |
Imitero yeimba pabasa iri gore negore, uye inowanikwa pa1.5% yehuwandu hwechivakwa. Imitero yepaimba kune imwe nyika inowanikwawo gore negore, uye inoverengwa pakati pe L 15 neL 120 pamamita mita imwe. Imitero yeimba yezvekurima inoshandiswa kubva kuL 14,000 kusvika kuL 45,000 nehekeri, zvichienderana nekuisa pasi. |
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Slovenia |
Imitero yemutengo inotorwa pamusoro pekukosha kwezvivako, sekusarudzwa nehurumende. Mafambiro ekufambira mberi anoshanda, kwete mukuru kune 1.5%. Zvimwe zvivakwa hazvisunungurwi. Mutero wepfuma unoshandawo kune zvikepe. |
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Hungary |
Mutero unobhadharwa kune vadzidzisi vemarudzi ose ezvigadzirwa. Nheyo yemutero inogona kuva nzvimbo inobatsira nzvimbo, kana yekutengeserana kweimba, iyo inosarudza masuwa. Kune "Mutero wezvinhu zvisina kusimbiswa", iyo inoshanda kune dzose zvivako zvevhu zvinogona kuvakwa. Nhamba yepamusoro yeiyo mutero iHUF 100 pamamita mita. |
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Ositireriya |
Mutero wepanyika mutero wegore negore unobhadharwa nevaridzi venyika muhurumende imwe neimwe, kunze kweiyo muAustralian Capital Territory. Munyika imwe neimwe inopa kubhadhara zvakakwana kana kusarura kwemutero maererano neimba iyo inzvimbo yekugara kune muteresi. Mitero inoshandiswa yakasiyana pakati pehurumende. |
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Japan |
Vanhu nemakambani vane zvivako zvekugara zviri muJapan zvinotarisirwa neNyika Yepamusoro Mutero. Iyi mutero i0.3%. Nheyo yemutero inowanzowanikwa 70% kusvika ku80% yenhamba yekutengeserana. Mamwe marudzi edzimba haabhadharwi nemutero uyu, wakadai senyika inoshandiswa nevanhu vanogara yavo, chero bedzi nzvimbo yacho yose haina kudarika 1,000 mita mamita. |
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Malasia |
Mutero wepfuma muMalaysia unonzi "Real Real Gains Tax". mutero uyu akapiwa pamusoro kuderera dziine 20% kuti 5%, zvichienderana nguva zvinobatanidza yemibairo kana guta Nokurasikirwa inokurukurwa pamusoro mutero pamusoro mari chichiwanikwa mugore kuitika kana mumakore ramangwana, kunze vanenge unhu kuti migove a company real estate. Mumwe murume wechiMalaysia angakumbira kubhadhara mutero kuti kushandiswa kweimba yacho ive nzvimbo yekugara. RM kuregererwa 5,000 kana 10% kuti mutoro purofiti, yaanopinda mukuru, vari kuwanikwa zvose vanhu vasina mutemo pane kuramba mamiriro ayo sevagari Malaysian. |
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Singapore |
Uyu mutero unonzi "Property Tax". Iyi mutero ndeyegore negore, uye inoshandiswa iyo inonzi 4% yezvokugara zvinotorwa nemuridzi, uye 13% kune zvimwe zvinangwa. |
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China |
Zvose zvatinoziva ndezvokuti mitero inobhadharwa paimba yekugara uye kukosha kwenyika. |
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New Zealand |
Mvumo yemitero yemunzvimbo inotengesa mutero weimba |
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India |
VaMasipala vanobhadhara mutero weimba. |
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Tailandia |
Iyi mutero inonzi "Imba neNyika Mitero". Varidzi veminda kana zvivako munzvimbo dzakasarudzwa zvingave zvichienderana nemitero yegore negore kana pasi peMunharaunda Yekutsvaga Mutemo Wemutemo we1965 uye Tax Act ye1965. Mutero wekutsvaga wekugara unotarisana neanotaridzirwa kukosha (sic) yenyika. Mari yegore negore ndeye 12.5% yemari yekuwana pfuma. |
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Peru |
The pfuma mutero pazvikanganiso pamutemo tsika, uye akapiwa kune pamutemo uye munhu masangano pakuva Real Estate mumaruwa kana dzomumaguta. Mutero unobhadharwa pamusoro pekuwedzerwa kwezvinhu zvose zvichienderana nekubhadhara. The neeSultan vari .2% rokutanga gumi inokwana zviyero mutero .6% wegumi navatanhatu imwe Unit mutero sixtieth, uye 1% kuti kupfuura mari iyi. |
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Guyana |
MuGuyana mutero weimba inonzi Property Tax, uye inotora mutero wegore negore pa "net property" pakupera kwegore. Nzvimbo yeimba inoshandiswa nehuwandu hwehupfumi hwemunhu chero upi zvake huwandu hwehutengo hwezvose zvinokonzerwa nemunhu iyeye. The pfuma zvinosanganisira zvose chinjwa uye usingazungunuke enzvimbo wacho kodzero chero mhando, pachake migumisiro (yaiva Guyana kana kumwewo), uye anowana kutengeswa pfuma kana mari kana upfumi achimiririra pfuma yakadaro. debits vanoverengeka havachafaniri dzemaitirwe pakati mambure pfuma, uye uwandu mari ungave wakagadzirwa mutengo pfuma kana kuti mutengo ndiyo hwaro yemutero. Kazhinji, mutengo unobhadharwa inoshandiswa pazvinhu pfuma yakawanikwa after kana 1 1991 January, nepo musika ukoshi inoshandiswa chokuita ehupfumi vawana zvisati zuva. The pfuma mitero kuti makambani 0% wokutanga G $ 500,00, 0.5% nokuti zvinotevera G $ 5 miriyoni uye .075% chero mari pasi mutero. The mitero vanhu vari 0% wokutanga G $ 5 mamiriyoni, 0.5% nokuti zvinotevera G $ 5 miriyoni uye .075% chero mari pasi mutero. |
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Venezuela |
Mutero weimba unobva pane kukosha kweimba yacho, maererano nekuongorora kwechiremera chiripo. Mutero inowanzokomberedza kukosha 0.1%. Iyi mutero igore negore, asi kazhinji haibhadharwi kusvikira imwe pfuma inotengeswa. |
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Belize |
Mamiriyoni ehomwe anosungirwa nemaguta emunharaunda mumaguta nemataundi kunzvimbo dzokugara. Mutero unobatanidzwawo nehupfumi kunze kwenharaunda yemuguta. Mutero uri pedo ne1%. |
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Kosita Rika |
The pfuma mutero unonzi Land Mutero uye akapiwa maererano akataura kana dzaongororwa kukosha panyika uye zvechigarire zvivako, zvivako uye zvivako, kusanganisira michina uye michina inova chikamu zvivakwa. Mutero unofanirwa kubhadharwa kwegore negore. Imba inofanirwa pasi pe150,000 haina kubhadhara mutero |
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Panama |
Imba iyo iri muPanama, rustic kana mumaguta, inoteerera kune mutero wemutengo unonzi "Property Tax". Vadzidzisi vanofanira kubhadhara chiyero maererano nehuwandu hunoenderera mberi hunobva kune 1.4% huwandu hwehuwandu huri pamusoro peBXBUM, uye 10,000% pamusoro peBarboas 2.1. Nheyo ndiyo kukosha kwakatemwa neNyika Commission. Kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakasiyana, kusanganisira zvivako uye kuvandudzwa kunoshandiswa nemasangano anobatsira kana nemasangano evanhu kana zvivako zvine kukosha kwakaderera pane mabhobho e75,000. |
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Ekwadho |
Masunharaunda anotora mutero wegore negore pamusoro pe rustic nemaguta ekudanwa anonzi "Mitero mumaguta uye kumaruwa". Mutero unobva pane huwandu hwepamutemo kunze kwezvimwe zvakabviswa. Matengo akaderera. Kana muteresi ane zvivako zvakawanda, maitiro acho akabatanidzwa nemunharaunda, uye mari yacho inoshandiswa kuhuwandu hwehuwandu nemasisita. |
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Guatemala |
Vatengi vepfuma vanogara muGuatemala vanofanira kubhadhara mutero wegore negore unonzi "Single Property Tax". Maitiro anobatsira ndeaya anowanikwa muhurumende yepamutemo, kunyange zvazvo vatongi vemitero vanogona kuongorora maitiro. Mitero yemitero inotangira kubva ku0% yekutanga Q 2,000, kune 0.9% pane chero ipi zvayo yakakura kupfuura Q 70,000. |
| Honduras | Masunharaunda anotora mutero wekuguta uye kumaruwa imvura yakabva kune cadastral value. Iko kuverenga kwe mutero weguta redzimba funga kukosha kwenyika uye nekuvandudza; yezvivakwa zvekumaruwa, kukosha kwezvirimwa zvechigarire kunowedzerwa. Kamwe kukosha kwecadastral yezvivakwa kwave kuverengerwa, chiyero chinotangira pa2.50 kusvika ku3.50 Lempiras pachiuru chimwe chinoiswa, icho chinogona kuvandudzwa zvishoma nezvishoma mumitengo isingapfuuri 0.50 pagore. Pamusoro pezvo, mutemo unobvumidza iyo cadastral kukosha kuti igadziridzwe makore ese mashanu uye muzana inobvumirana nevanhu. |
Tafura inotorwa kubva mukugadzirwa kwaMiguel Ángel Montoya Martín del Campo mubhuku rake "Kuenzanisa kuongororwa kwemamiriro ezvinhu emutero wepfuma munyika dzakasiyana dzepasi".
MuColombia mutero pamusoro redzimba uye mhando dzose kuvakwa anonzi pfuma mutero, izvozvo anoisa hurumende pa kuda uye ndiko kuri ugororo kuti pangangova, varipo kare zviuru varidzi, kunyanya pensioners vasingakwanisi kubhadhara chisingazivi kubhadhara pakutanga kwegore haagoni kuva pane imwe dhisikaundi pakati 10 muzana uye kana hazvibhadharwi pamusoro nguva hurumende akapa kufarira default kuti hakubvumidzwi kubva kuchaja kuvanhu kana sangano munyika asi hurumende kana anoita uye anofambisa ose zuva, somuenzaniso kuvaudza kuti ndaisagona kubhadhara mutero weimba kwemakore mana panopera kubudirira aine chikwereti uye kufarira vakabhadharwa imwecheteyo kukosha chikwereti !!! Saka Colombia ndiyo nyika inobata nzvimbo yechishanu mukusaenzana uye kusaruramisira kwevanhu. Mukuora kuburikidza nePOLITICS INDUDABLY INOFANIRA IVA YOKUTANGA.